953 resultados para feijoeiro comum


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A cultivar BRSMG Pioneiro, além de possuir grãos tipo carioca, apresenta como principal vantagem a resistência a vários patótipos de antracnose e ferrugem, sendo uma excelente opção para os produtores de feijão carioca da região Sul do país, nos plantios da safra e safrinha.

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ABSTRACT: During the years 2003 and 2004, four experiments were conducted in the winter season, under irrigation and in the raining season in the experimental area of the Embrapa Cerrados Research Center at Planaltina, Federal District. The objective was to identify cultivars that presented the following characteristics: resistance to diseases, high yield, resistance to lodging, desirable plant height and good market acceptance, to be indicated for cultivation in the Federal District. It was concluded that the cultivar BRS Cometa is indicated for this region, due to its high yield characteristics, resistance to diseases and lodging, excellent cooking qualities and erect type.

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O sistema de cultivo do feijoeiro comum, no Estado do Acre, é típico de pequenos agricultores, o uso de insumos e máquinas é mínimo e toda mão-de-obra do processo produtivo é familiar. As áreas de cultivo dificilmente ultrapassam 5 ha, a produtividade é baixa e o excedente da produção é comercializado exclusivamente no mercado estadual. Esta cultura é a principal fonte de proteínas disponível por todo o ano nas pequenas propriedades, demonstrando importância nutricional e social para as famílias de baixa renda. As variedades de maior preferência dos agricultores e consumidores locais são o feijão Carioca Comum e o Rosinha de porte determinado. Entretanto, os materiais utilizados têm sido severamente prejudicados pela incidência da "mela" (Thanatephorus cucumeris (Frank) Donk). Estudos têm sido realizados no sentido de controlar ou minimizar esta doença, no entanto, até o momento não foi obtido um controle efetivo. A adoção de práticas culturais, como a cobertura do solo com restos culturais, diminui bastante os prejuízos, entretanto, esta prática por si só, não resolve o problema. A Embrapa Acre, desde a sua implantação, vem desenvolvendo trabalhos de introdução e avaliação de genótipos de feijão, visando a seleção e recomendação de materiais com características que superem os problemas da baixa produtividade e resistência à meia na região, bem como atender às exigências do mercado local, principalmente no que se refere ao tipo de grão. A introdução de genótipos, embora seja de fundamental importância para programas de melhoramento, nem sempre proporciona resultados imediatos e de interesse para a região, tendo em vista, principalmente, problemas de adaptação às novas condições edafoclimáticas.

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Soil acidity in no tillage system, if not in high situations, can be neutralized by lime surface application, improving mineral nutrition and crop yield. Aiming to evaluate the agronomic performance of common bean cultivars, to surface lime application, in no tillage system, an experiment was conducted in Oxisol, Botucatu Municipal District, São Paulo State, Brazil. The experimental design was a complete randomized block in split plot with four replications, where the plots were formed by common bean cultivars (Carioca, IAC Carioca Ete, Perola, IAPAR 81 e Campeao 2) and subplots consisted of surface application of dolomitic limestone (zero, 1.8 t ha(-1), 3.6 t ha(-1) and 5.4 t ha(-1)). The surface lime application on the soil occurred in October 2002 and subsequently the sequence millet (spring) - beans (summer) - oat (autumn-winter) were planted under rainfed conditions. Bean cultivars sowing were done on December 17, 2003. It can be concluded that there is influence of cultivars and limestone surface application under no tillage, where IAPAR 81 showed better grain yield with the increase of lime rates, obtaining values of 2,025 kg ha(-1) without the lime application to 2,655 kg ha(-1) with 5.4 t ha(-1) lime rate, obtaining 31% yield increase.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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No presente trabalho foi avaliada a resistência de 40 cultivares de feijoeiro comum (Phaseolus vulgaris) à murcha-de-Curtobacterium, inoculadas separadamente com dois isolados de Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens, e o desenvolvimento da parte aérea de cultivares resistentes e suscetíveis a essa doença, inoculadas ou não com um isolado da bactéria. As reações apresentadas pelas cultivares permitiram verificar que 'IAC Carioca Aruã', 'IAC Carioca Akytã' e 'IAC Carioca Pyatã' foram resistentes e que 'A - 768', 'Aeté', 'Aporé', 'Bambuí', 'Bico de Ouro', 'BR IPA 11 - Brígida', 'Carioca MG', 'Carioquinha', 'Catu', 'Corrente', 'Diamante Negro', 'FT Bonito', 'FT Nobre', 'FT-120', 'IAC Carioca', 'IAC Maravilha', 'IAC Una', 'IAPAR 14', 'IAPAR 16', 'IAPAR 31', 'IAPAR 44', 'IPA 6', 'Iraí', 'Jalo Precoce', 'Jamapa', 'Onix', 'Ouro Negro', 'Pérola', 'R - 161', 'RAO 33', 'Rio Tibagi', 'Rosinha G2', 'Roxo 90', 'Rudá', 'Safira', 'Tarumã' e 'Xamego' foram suscetíveis à murcha-de-Curtobacterium. Plantas de feijoeiro das cultivares resistentes (IAC Carioca Aruã, IAC Carioca Akytã e IAC Carioca Pyatã) apresentaram menor redução da matéria seca da parte aérea do que das suscetíveis (IAC Carioca e Pérola), quando inoculadas com C. flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens.

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Foi avaliada a influência de doses de nitrogênio (N) na severidade da murcha-de curtobacterium do feijoeiro, causada por Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens, nas cultivares IAC Pyatã, IPR 88 Uirapuru e SCS 202 Guará, em condições de casa-de-vegetação. Os tratamentos foram a dose recomendada de N e outras 25 e 50 % abaixo e acima desta, empregando-se uréia. O aumento de doses de N influenciou positivamente o progresso da murcha-de-curtobacterium somente na cultivar IAC Carioca Pyatã, incrementou a quantidade de N na parte aérea e não interferiu no peso da matéria seca das plantas de todas as cultivares avaliadas.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de doses de potássio (K) na severidade da murcha-de-curtobacterium em três cultivares de feijoeiro (IAC Carioca Pyatã, IPR 88 - Uirapuru e SCS 202 - Guará), em condições de casa-de-vegetação. Os tratamentos foram 135,0; 112,5; 90,0; 67,5 e 45,0 kg.ha-1 de K2O, na forma de cloreto de potássio. As avaliações ocorreram aos 5, 10, 15, 20 e 25 dias após a inoculação e foi estimada a área abaixo da curva de progresso da murcha-de-curtobacterium (AACPMC). Não foi verificada influência das doses de K2O na AACPMC e na quantidade de K na parte aérea de plantas das cultivares IAC Carioca Pyatã e IPR 88 - Uirapuru. Conforme o aumento das doses de K2O, somente houve incremento na massa da matéria seca das plantas não inoculadas da cultivar SCS 202-Guará.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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With technological innovations, such as irrigation, the bean has been grown by producers who have the most varied levels of technology that, in suitable times, allows the planting great success in grain yield. The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of the dry bean to different managements of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization with no-tillage system, in Aquidauana - MS, Brazil. The experiment was conducted at the Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), with the soil of the area classified as Alfisol, using the bean crop "Perola" sown on June 30, 2007. The experimental design was a randomized block split-plot consisting of three blocks and two replications within each block. The plots were composed of three management of irrigation, by the Class A pan method, using Hargreaves-Samani equation, and management by tensiometry (-40 kPa), with water replacement of 16.5 mm for all irrigation plots. The subplots consisted on four rates of nitrogen fertilization (0; 50; 100 and 150 kg ha(-1)), in which the nitrogen source was urea. It was concluded that the irrigation management through the Class A pan and Hargreaves-Samani equation conduced to higher grain yields of bean, 3031.11 and 3005.02 kg ha(-1) respectively.

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The behavior of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes PI 150414, PI 163117, PI 175829 white, PI 175829 purple, PI 175858, PI 197687, A 417, A 420, A 429, Xan 160, Xan 161, WISHBR 40, and IAC Carioca inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli, Macrophomina phaseolina, and Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli was evaluated under greenhouse condition. The bean genotypes Xan 160, PI 150414, A 417, PI 175829 purple, Xan 161, A 420, PI 163117, and PI 175829 white were resistant to F. oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli, and only PI 155829 white had a good level of resistance to M. phaseolina. All bean genotypes were susceptible to Feij-4 strain, and only Xan 161 had some level of leaf resistance to Feij-41 strain of X. campestris pv. phaseoli.

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The objective of this work was to analyze the most appropriate management to achieve higher productivity for carioca beans (phaseolus vulgaris) and pearll cultivar. The research was developed in the Demonstrative and Experimental Area of Irrigation (ADEI) of FCAV/UNESP, Campus of Jaboticabal, SP. Four treatments were used: T1- irrigation with base in ETo estimated by the method of Class A pan; T2- irrigations based on the readings of tensiometers installed at 0,20 m and 0,40 m of depth; T3- irrigations carried out with base in ETo estimated by the method of Penman-Monteith and T4- witness. The results were submitted to analysis of variance. To compare the averages the test Turkey was used at 5% of probability. The treatment T3 had smaller applied water depth than the treatments T1 and T2, and also smaller productivity. The conclusion is that the treatments irrigated with larger frequency showed higher production of grains.

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The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), a staple food in nutritional diet of Brazilians and populations in developing countries, is a nutritionally rich legume with potential for biofortification. Approximately one third of the world population suffers from nutritional deficiencies, being necessary to increase the nutrient content in vegetables, especially iron (Fe), selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn), which are important micronutrients for plants and human health. In this context, three studies were carried out aiming to evaluate the potential of common bean cultivars to biofortification with Fe, Se and Zn, and verify the interaction between these minerals and iron bioavailability, in order to contribute to increased nutritional quality of grains, reducing the micronutrients deficiency and improving human health. In the first study, experiments were conducted in a greenhouse, with ten common bean cultivars in nutrient solution under different treatments with Fe, Se and Zn. The plant growth and the mineral content of the beans were evaluated in addition to verify the influence of polyphenol and phytate levels on Fe bioavailability in grains fortified with Zn and Se. The evaluated beans cultivars have proved promising for simultaneous biofortification with these nutrients without greatly affecting Fe bioavailability. In the second study, the aim was evaluate the interaction between Fe, Se and Zn in cultivars consumed in Brazil or in USA. Gene expression and root microscopy analysis were performed in order to understand the positive effect of Zn supply on the Fe uptake by roots. The expression of genes related to the transport and uptake of Fe and Zn did not clearly explain the influence of Zn in Fe nutrition. The roots microscopy and the evaluation of nutrient solutions used showed that, in the presence of Zn, there was Fe accumulation in epidermis of the roots and not in the vascular system, prone to be precipitated when it goes through the root membrane. In the latest study, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of Zn fertilization via soil and foliar, in the content and accumulation of Fe and Zn in grains and in the yield of common bean cultivars, in addition to verify the amount of these micronutrients supplied by biofortified beans. The fertilization with Zn did not affect the yield, but provided high levels of this nutrient in grains of the cultivars analyzed, representing 27% of the recommended daily intake of Zn. The higher Fe content in beans, obtained when there was no application of foliar Zn, supplies 56% of the daily requirement of Fe.